目的 分析2016—2025年安徽省水痘减毒活疫苗（varicella attenuated live vaccine，VarV）疑似预防接种异常反应（adverse event following immunization，AEFI）特征。方法 分别通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统和安徽省免疫规划信息管理系统收集安徽省 2016—2025 年VarV AEFI个案数据和VarV接种剂次数，采用描述性流行病学方法分析AEFI报告发生率和分布特征。结果 2016—2025年安徽省共报告VarV AEFI 2 408例，年均报告发生率为329.46/100万剂，一般反应、异常反应报告发生率分别为308.46/100万剂、17.80/100万剂。男性占53.74%，≤1岁占64.70%，皖北地区占61.17%，24 h内发生占78.15%，第1剂次占77.24%。在异常反应中，过敏性皮疹占90.77%，年均报告发生率为16.16/100万剂。结论 安徽省VarV AEFI以一般反应为主，异常反应极罕见，VarV安全性总体良好。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) with varicella live attenuated vaccine (VarV) in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2025.Methods Data on VarV AEFI cases in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2025 were collected through the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and the number of VarV vaccination doses were collected through the Anhui Immunization Program Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence and distribution characteristics of AEFIs.Results A total of 2 408 VarV AEFIs were reported in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2025, with an average annual incidence of 329.46 per million doses. The incidence of common reactions and rare adverse reactions were 308.46 per million doses and 17.80 per million doses, respectively. Among all cases, 53.74% were male, 64.70% were ≤1 year old, 61.17% were from northern Anhui Province, 78.15% occurred within 24 h, and 77.24% were from the first dose. Among rare adverse reactions, anaphylactic rash accounted for 90.77%, with an average annual reported incidence of 16.16 per million doses.Conclusion VarV AEFIs are mainly common reactions in Anhui Province, with extremely rare adverse reactions, which shows an overall good safety profile of VarV.