免疫代谢是探索免疫细胞和新陈代谢相互作用的新兴领域。近年来，免疫代谢在自身免疫和自身免疫性疾病中的作用日渐受到关注，尤其是细胞代谢如何影响免疫细胞功能和应答。目前认为，免疫细胞信号转导和分化过程可以决定免疫细胞的行为方式，控制许多代谢途径，从而影响免疫细胞的功能和应答。此文主要介绍了免疫细胞的代谢在系统性红斑狼疮、1型糖尿病和类风湿关节炎等自身免疫性疾病中的改变，阐述了免疫代谢如何影响疾病发生、加重或缓解，并总结了靶向免疫代谢通路以调控免疫应答的相关药物及研究进展。

Immunometabolism is an emerging field that explores the interactions between immune cells and metabolism. In recent years, the role of immunometabolism in autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases has become a growing area of research, focusing on how cellular metabolism influences immune cell function and responses. It is currently understood that immune cell signaling and differentiation processes can determine immune cell behavior, control numerous metabolic pathways and thereby affect immune cell function and responses. This article primarily discusses the metabolic alterations in immune cells in systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis, elucidating how immunometabolism influences disease onset, exacerbation, or remission, and summarizes drugs that modulate immunometabolism to potentially control immune responses in autoimmune diseases and their research progress.