HPV是1种广泛存在于自然界的DNA病毒，持续性感染HPV可导致多种癌症，尤其是宫颈癌的发生。HPV疫苗的研发和接种对于预防宫颈癌及其他相关癌症具有极其重要的意义。近年来，随着科学技术的进步，HPV疫苗研发取得了显著进展。目前在全球市场上有二价、四价和九价3种HPV疫苗，二价和四价疫苗可以预防近70%与HPV相关的宫颈癌和癌前病变，九价疫苗可以提供近90%的保护。此文就HPV疫苗的研究进展进行综述。

HPV is a type of DNA virus that exists widely in nature, and the persistent infection of HPV can lead to the occurrence of a variety of cancers, especially cervical cancer. The development and application of HPV vaccine is of great significance for the prevention of cervical cancer and other related cancers. In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology, the research of HPV vaccine has made remarkable progress. There are currently three HPV vaccines on the global market including bivalent, quadrivalent and nine-valent vaccines. The bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines can prevent nearly 70% of HPV-related cervical cancers and precancerous lesions, in contrast, the nine-valent vaccine can provide nearly 90% protection. This article reviews the research progress of HPV vaccines.