婴幼儿是罹患流感的高风险人群，接种流感疫苗是预防流感最经济有效的方式。当前我国儿童流感疫苗按病毒型别区分有三价型、四价型；剂型有半剂量（7.5 μg血凝素/0.25 ml）和全剂量（15 μg血凝素/0.5 ml）。研究发现，婴幼儿接种年龄与免疫应答水平呈正相关，增加抗原含量可提升流感疫苗对婴幼儿的免疫效果。我国在近年开始上市应用于婴幼儿的全剂量四价流感疫苗。此文从婴幼儿罹患流感的疾病负担、流感疫苗接种现状、流感疫苗保护效果、免疫原性及安全性、接种意愿等方面，阐述全剂量四价流感疫苗在我国婴幼儿中的应用进展。

Infants and young children are at high risk of influenza, and vaccination is the most cost-effective way to prevent influenza. Currently, trivalent and quadrivalent influenza vaccines are available for children in China. The dosage forms include half dose (7.5 μg hemagglutinin/0.25 ml) and full dose (15 μg hemagglutinin/0.5 ml). Studies have found that the age of infants and young children is positively correlated with the level of immune response, and the immune effect of influenza vaccine for infants and young children can be improved by increasing the antigen content. Full-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine for infants and young children has lately come to market in the Chinese mainland. This article reviews the epidemic status of influenza virus and the application progress of full-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine for Chinese infants and young children from the aspects of disease burden of influenza, vaccination status, protective effect, immunogenicity and safety of influenza vaccine, and vaccination intention.