人类表皮生长因子受体3（human epidermal growth factor receptor 3, HER3）作为人类表皮生长因子受体家族中的一员，通过与其他受体形成异源二聚体发挥信号转导的功能。头颈部鳞状细胞癌（head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, HNSCC）是全球第6大常见癌症，起病隐匿且总体生存率低。HER3在HNSCC中高表达。HER3的表达和激活与HNSCC治疗中靶向其他受体的药物〔例如靶向表皮生长因子的单克隆抗体（单抗）西妥昔单抗或程序性死亡受体1阻断剂〕以及某些化学治疗药物的治疗获得性耐药有关。目前，HER3已经成为HNSCC治疗非常有前景的候选靶点。此文综合近年来国内外对靶向HER3治疗在HNSCC中的研究，对HER3参与HNSCC肿瘤进程的机制、HER3与HNSCC当下临床治疗策略的关联，以及包括处于临床试验的11种单抗药物、5种双特异性抗体药物及其他多种类型的靶向HER3的药物在HNSCC治疗中的开发进展进行综述。

As a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3(HER3) can be activated to mediate signal pathway by forming heterodimer complexes with other receptors. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with hidden onset and low overall survival rate. HER3 is highly expressed in HNSCC. Expression and activation of HER3 are associated with therapeutic-acquired resistance to drugs in HNSCC therapy, such as epidermal growth factor receptor-targeting cetuximab or programmed death-1 blockers, as well as some chemotherapeutic agents. At present, HER3 has become a promising candidate target for HNSCC therapy. Based on the domestic and overseas researches on HER3 targeted therapy in HNSCC in recent years, this paper reviews the mechanism of HER3-mediated HNSCC tumor progression, the relevance of HER3 to current clinical treatment strategies for HNSCC and the progress in the development of HER3-targeting drugs in HNSCC therapy, including 11 monoclonal drugs in clinical trials, five bispecific antibody drugs and various other types of HER3 targeting drugs.