新型冠状病毒（severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2，SARS-CoV-2）感染不仅严重影响人体免疫，而且可能诱发易感人群的自身免疫病。此文对SARS-CoV-2感染者体内产生的5大类自身抗体以及这些自身抗体可能导致的自身免疫病、患者自身免疫系统过度激活的相关研究进展，以及其诱导机体自身免疫的可能机制进行综述，以期为SARS-CoV-2相关的自身免疫性损伤与疾病的研究提供理论基础。

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection not only seriously affects human immunity, but also may induce autoimmune diseases in genetically susceptible people. The research progresses of five major types of autoantibodies produced in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, the autoimmune diseases that may be caused by autoantibodies, the excessive activation of the patients’ autoimmune system, and the possible mechanisms that autoimmunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection were summarized in this review, which aims to provide a theoretical basis for the study of SARS-CoV-2-related autoimmune injury and diseases.