人副流感病毒（human parainfluenza virus，HPIV）主要引起5岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染，临床发病率仅次于呼吸道合胞病毒感染，其中超过一半病例由HPIV-3引起，给新生儿的生命健康带来极大威胁，而目前仍然没有批准上市的针对HPIV的有效治疗药物及疫苗。此文就HPIV-3的基本结构、流行病学、感染免疫，以及目前针对HPIV-3疫苗的研发进展做一综述。

Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (HPIV-3) mainly causes acute respiratory infection among kids under 5 years old and the incidence is merely lower than that of respiratory syncytial virus, among which over half are caused by HPIV-3. This is a serious threat to newborn lives. There is no approved vaccine or drug for HPIV up to now. This review systematically introduce the structure, epidemiology, infection, immunization, and current vaccine development progresses of HPIV-3.