机体自然感染病原体后诱导的记忆性T细胞和B细胞介导了针对病原体的适应性免疫应答，其中一小部分记忆T细胞会驻留在宿主特定组织，成为非循环的淋巴细胞，被称为组织驻留记忆性T细胞（tissue-resident memory T cell, T_RM）。T_RM主要有CD4和CD8两种，在免疫应答过程中可产生细胞因子和/或具有杀伤功能，当再次遇到相同病原体后，T_RM快速反应启动全身性免疫应答，为宿主提供长期保护。此文就不同病原体感染所诱导的CD4 T_RM及其功能的研究进展进行综述，从疫苗类型、佐剂和免疫途径等方面讨论CD4 T_RM用于设计新型疫苗的新思路。

Memory T and B cells induced by previous infection are central to adaptive protective immunity to pathogens . A small population of long-lived memory T cells accumulate in tissues without recirculation, referred to as tissue-resident memory T cells (T_RM) . CD4 and CD8 T_RM induced following infection can induce the production of cytokines and/or mediate cytosis. T_RM can   rapidly initiate systemic immune responses to re-infection with the same pathogen, which play a crucial role in maintaining long-term protective immunity.This article reviews recent findings on the functions of CD4 T_RM induced by different pathogens,and discusses it as a new idea for designing new vaccines from the type of vaccine, the adjuvant and the route of immunization.