目的  评价昆明市西山区疫苗接种的安全性和预防接种服务质量。方法  通过中国免疫规划信息管理系统收集2014—2018年西山区疑似预防接种异常反应（adverse event following immunization，AEFI）个案数据，采用描述性方法对相关监测指标及发生特征进行流行病学分析。结果  2014－2018年昆明市西山区共报告AEFI 294例。辖区10个街道办事处均有病例报告，无疫苗接种事故报告。年均AEFI报告发生率12.27/10万剂；其中一般反应167例，占报告病例数的56.80%，报告发生率为6.97/10万剂；异常反应79例，占报告病例数的26.87%，异常反应报告发生率3.3/10万剂，无死亡病例。异常反应以荨麻疹、斑丘疹、过敏性皮疹、麻疹猩红热样皮疹为主（66例，0.28/10万剂），卡介苗引起腋下淋巴结肿大（4例，0.17/10万剂）、热性惊厥（3例，0.13/10万剂）、血小板减少性紫癜（3例，0.13/10万剂）。属于严重的异常反应7例（卡介苗引起肺部感染1例、热性惊厥3例、血小板减少性紫癜3例），发生率为0.29/10万。结论  西山区AEFI监测的敏感性逐年提高，疫苗接种的安全性和接种服务质量好。

Objective  To evaluate the safety of vaccination and the quality of vaccination service in Xishan District of Kunming. Methods  Data on suspected cases of Adverse Event Following Immunization (AEFI) in Xishan District from 2014 to 2018 were collected through the China Immunization Program Information Management System. Descriptive methods were used for epidemiological analysis of relevant monitoring indicators and occurrence characteristics. Results  A total of 294 cases of AEFI were reported in Xishan District of Kunming from 2014 to 2018. There were case reports in all 10 sub-district offices in the jurisdiction, and no vaccination accident reports. The annual average reported incidence of AEFI was 12.27 per 100 000 doses. 167 cases (56.80% of the reported cases) were general reactions, and the reported incidence rate was 6.97 per 100 000 doses. 79 cases (26.87%) of abnormal reactions. The reported incidence of abnormal reactions was 3.3 per 100 000 doses, and there were no deaths. Abnormal reactions were mainly urticaria, maculopapular rash, allergic rash, measles scarlet fever-like skin rash (66 cases, 0.28/100 000 doses), BCG vaccine causes axillary lymphadenopathy (4 cases, 0.17/100 000 doses), febrile convulsions (3 cases, 0.13/100 000 doses) and thrombocytopenic purpura (3 cases, 0.13/100 000 doses). There were 7 cases of severe abnormal reactions (1 case of lung infection caused by BCG, 3 cases of febrile seizures, 3 cases of thrombocytopenic purpura), and the incidence rate was 0.29/100 000. Conclusions  The sensitivity of AEFI monitoring in Xishan District of Kunming is increasing year by year, and the safety of vaccination and the quality of vaccination service are good.