雌激素是人体内一种基础性的性激素，在多种疾病的病理生理过程中发挥重要作用。雌激素在人体不同疾病的发生发展中扮演着不同的角色。膀胱癌是一种威胁人类健康的常见恶性肿瘤，在以男性病例为主的膀胱癌中，雌激素发挥了重要促瘤进展的作用，可作为重要的治疗靶点。此文就近年来雌激素在膀胱癌发生发展中的作用，以及靶向雌激素的抗癌治疗策略进行综述。

Estrogen, an essential sex hormone, plays important roles in the pathophysiological process of various diseases, but differs among diseases. Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor threatening human life. Estrogen also plays the part of promoting tumor progression and could be an important therapeutic target in male-dominated bladder cancer. Therefore,we reviews the relationship between estrogen and bladder cancer and the strategies of related targeting therapy recently.