流感是由流感病毒引起的呼吸系统疾病，接种流感疫苗是预防流感的重要手段。疫苗的主要抗原是流感病毒表面蛋白血凝素和神经氨酸酶，但这两者都存在抗原漂移的现象，给疫苗设计带来巨大困难。广谱流感疫苗的候选抗原之一是高度保守的流感病毒基质蛋白2胞外域（matrix protein 2 ectodomain，M2e）。M2e在天然感染的情况下免疫原性较弱，但是可通过相关的佐剂、包裹材料和蛋白疫苗提高免疫原性。此文介绍了加强M2e免疫效果方式的研究以及M2e疫苗的临床研究进展。

Influenza is a respiratory disease caused by influenza virus infection. Vaccination against is an important means to prevent influenza . The main antigens of influenza vaccines are influenza virus surface proteins-hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. However, the antigenic drift in these proteins poses great difficulties for vaccine design. The highly conserved influenza virus matrix protein 2 ectodomain (M2e) has been proposed as a candidate for broad-spectrum influenza vaccine. M2e is less immunogenic in the case of natural infections, but its immunogenicity can be enhanced by related adjuvants, packaging materials and protein vaccines. This article describes recent researches on the enhancement of M2e immunogenicity by various means and the clinical progress of M2e vaccine.