免疫疗法已经成为癌症治疗中的重要手段。使用嵌合抗原受体（chimeric antigen receptor，CAR）修饰的T细胞治疗癌症因其显著的疗效成为了癌症治疗研究的新方向。CAR包含抗原结合部分、铰链区、跨膜结构域以及结合活化T细胞的细胞共刺激结构。对目标肿瘤的特异性清除是通过CAR-T细胞对抗原的特异性选择和共刺激信号转导，CAR-T细胞在过继后的转运、维持，以及抗肿瘤功能的保留实现的。此文对目前基于CAR-T细胞疗法的基本原理及临床应用作一阐述。

 Immunotherapy has become an important way in cancer treatment. Using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) -modified T cells in cancer treatment  has become a new therapeutic approach for cancer because of its significant effect. CAR comprises an antigen-binding moiety, a hinge region, a transmembrane domain, and a cell costimulatory structure that binds to T cell leading to its activation. The specific clearance of the targeted tumor is achieved by the specific selection of antigen and, co-stimulatory signal transduction through CAR- T cells, the transpart and maintenance of CAR-T cells after inheritance, as well as retention of antitumor functions. This review addresses the current clinical and preclinical studies based on CAR-T cell therapy.