肺炎链球菌是肺炎、脑膜炎、败血症、中耳炎和鼻窦炎的主要致病菌。目前针对肺炎链球菌疾病的预防主要是以多糖为基础的23价多糖疫苗和7价多糖蛋白结合疫苗，但因其有血清型的限制，应用有很大的局限性。因此以肺炎链球菌表面毒力因子或蛋白为基础的、无血清型限制的肺炎链球菌蛋白疫苗将成为新型肺炎链球菌疫苗发展的方向，本文综述了肺炎链球菌蛋白疫苗的研究进展。

 Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major pathogen for community-acquired pneumonia, meningitis, septicemia, otitis media, and sinusitis. The licensed polysaccharide-based 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and 7-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine (PCV7) only elicit protective antibodies against the infection caused by serotypes that are included in the vaccines.To broaden the protection, the use of pneumococcal serotype-independent protein vaccines based on surface protein components will be a feasible and preferable alternative. In this review, advances in the research of pneumococcal protein vaccines are discussed.