肠道病毒71型（enterovirus 71，EV71）是近年来我国流行的手足口病的主要病原体之一，并且由其感染引发的重症和死亡病例的比例较大。目前尚无治疗手足口病的特效药物。我国大陆有3家单位完成了EV71灭活疫苗的Ⅲ期临床试验，国家食品药品监督管理总局批准了其中两家单位的灭活疫苗。目前，减毒活疫苗、病毒样颗粒疫苗、亚单位疫苗和DNA疫苗等已开展动物研究。

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one major etiological agent of hand, foot and mouth disease, and associated with the majority of severe and death cases. To date, there is no effective therapy for EV71 infection. In mainland China, 3 companies have finished phase 3 trials of inactivated EV71 vaccines, and vaccines from 2 of them were approved by China Food and Drug Administration. Several EV71 vaccine candidates, including live-attenuated, virus-like particle, subunit, and DNA vaccines, have been evaluated in animals.