白细胞介素6（interleukin-6，IL-6）是调节免疫反应和炎性反应的多效性细胞因子，通过形成IL-6/IL-6受体（IL-6 receptor，IL-6R）/gp130复合体发挥生物学作用。因此，靶向抑制IL-6或IL-6R的单克隆抗体（单抗）可以用来治疗自身免疫病。随着包括IL-6/IL-6R抑制剂在内的多种生物制剂推向临床，新的问题也开始产生，如选用何种药物既可以改善病情又能避免严重不良反应。此文以抗IL-6单抗sirukumab和抗IL-6R单抗tocilizumab为代表，着重对这类药物治疗各种自身免疫病的有效性和安全性进行综述。

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine with a broad spectrum of effects on immune and inflammatory responses, whose biological function is transduced by the IL-6/interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R)/gp130 complex. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting IL-6 or IL-6R can block signal transduction and therefore alleviate severity of autoimmune diseases. With varieties of biological agents including IL-6/IL-6R blockades becoming clinically available, new problems, such as which agent should be chosen to improve disease outcome and avoid severe adverse reaction, also arise. This review, focusing on sirukumab (anti-IL-6 mAb) and tocilizumab (anti-IL-6R mAb) as representative agents, discusses the efficacy and safety of anti-IL-6/IL-6R mAb as treatment for autoimmune diseases.