目前，巴斯德毕赤酵母表达系统是非常成功的外源蛋白表达系统之一，其启动子的开发和利用也备受关注。醇氧化酶1启动子（alcohol oxidase 1 promoter，P_AOX1）在巴斯德毕赤酵母中应用最为广泛。鉴于外源蛋白表达的需要，不断有启动子被发现和利用，如三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶启动子（glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter，P_GAP）、甲醛脱氢酶1启动子（formaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 promoter，P_FLD1）等。此文列举了多种巴斯德毕赤酵母启动子，并对启动子的来源、特点以及外源蛋白的表达等方面进行综述，以期为启动子的选择提供参考。

Pichia pastoris expression system is one of the most successful expression systems for foreign proteins currently. The development and utilization of its promoters have also drawn wide attention. Alcohol oxidase 1 promoter is the most widely used promoter in Pichia pastoris. Many other promoters, such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase promoter, formaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 promoter, have also been exploited and used in the need of foreign protein expression.  The origin and characteristics of promoters, as well as foreign protein expression of Pichia pastoris are summarized in this paper to provide references for the choice of promoters.