肠道病毒71型（enterovirus 71，EV71）主要感染5岁以下儿童，是手足口病的主要病原体之一。由于EV71具有高度的嗜神经性，因此，EV71感染能并发严重的神经系统疾病，包括致死性脑炎、无菌性脑膜炎、脑脊髓炎。此文就EV71诱导细胞凋亡的途径和分子机制进行综述。

 Enterovirus 71(EV71) principally infects the children under 5 years old, and is one of the major causes of hand, foot and mouth disease. Because EV71 is highly neurotropic, EV71 infection can cause severe neurological complications, including fatal encephalitis, aseptic meningitis and encephalomyelitis. In this paper, the apoptosis pathways induced by EV71 and their molecular mechanisms are reviewed.