端粒酶是在细胞衰老和肿瘤发生中发挥重要作用的核糖核蛋白酶，具有成为抗癌药物靶标的巨大潜力。此文以一种具有临床前景的端粒酶疫苗GV1001为例，
论述了端粒酶疫苗的设计依据以及诱导机体产生抗肿瘤反应的生物学原理、免疫原性和临床疗效。结合已进行的Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ期临床试验与取得的成果和经验，进一步将GV1001与其他针对端粒酶的免疫治疗方法相比较，对端粒酶疫苗未来的发展方向与需要解决的问题作一阐述，从而评价端粒酶疫苗成为未来肿瘤治疗标准的可行性。

 Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme, which plays an important role in cell aging and tumorigenesis, and is a potential anti-tumor drug. In this review, the promising
telomerase vaccine GV1001 is taken as an example to explain the biological rationale underpinning the design of telomerase vaccine as well as its anti-tumor response, immunogenicity and clinical therapeutic efficacy. In combination with the results and experience of phase Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ trials, telomerase vaccine GV1001 is compared with other immunotherapeutic approaches targeting telomerase, the prospects as well as problems in the development of telomerase vaccine are discussed, and the feasibility of the vaccine becoming a future standard tumor therapy is assessed.