沙眼衣原体是一种专性胞内寄生菌，为当前细菌性性传播疾病的主要原因。全世界每年生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的新发病例超过9000万。疫苗接种是降低沙眼衣原体感染率的最好办法。此文对研发针对生殖道沙眼衣原体感染疫苗的研究进展做一综述。

Chlamydia trachomatis, an obligate intracellular bacterium, is the leading cause of bacterial sexual transmitted infections. Over 90 million new cases of genital C. trachomatis infections occur worldwide each year. Immunization is the best way to reduce C. trachomatis infections. In this paper, the research progress of protective vaccines against genital C. trachomatis infection is reviewed.