滤泡调节性T细胞（follicular regulatory T cell, Tfr）是一类新发现的调节性T细胞亚群，其特点是表面表型与滤泡辅助性T细胞（T follicular helper cell,Tfh）和效应调节性T细胞（regulatory T cell, Treg）细胞均有重叠，因此，Tfr在功能上具有Tfh和Treg的双重特性。近年来，Tfr在原发性免疫性血小板减少、重症肌无力、强直性脊柱炎和多发性硬化等自身免疫病中的研究得到了广泛关注，此文对Tfr及其在自身免疫病中的研究进展做一概述。

 Follicular regulatory T cells (Tfr) is a newly discovered regulatory T cell subset, with the dual characteristics of T follicular helper cell and regulatory T cell. Recent studies on Tfr involved in diseases, including primary immune thrombocytopenia,myasthenia gravis, ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis, have drawn wide attention. Herein, research advance of Tfr and its potential role in diseases is reviewed.