骨损伤是临床常见病，现有的临床治疗方法对一些骨损伤疑难病症治疗效果不佳。骨组织工程学的研究成果可提供解决该问题的新方案。当前应用较为成熟的骨组织工程损伤修复方法之一是骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗技术，该细胞的临床应用还存在若干问题，如种子细胞来源困难、缺乏同种异体干细胞种子细胞或通用型种子细胞等。近期研究发现，外周血单核细胞不仅具有多向分化的潜能，同时增殖能力强且材料易得，可作为骨损伤修复的优选替代材料。此文综述了单核细胞及其在骨损伤修复中发挥的作用及作用机制，以期为骨损伤患者提供更加有效且无毒副作用的新治疗方法，提高其生活质量。

Bone injury is a common clinical disease, and existing clinical treatments are ineffective in treating some difficult conditions. The research results of bone tissue engineering provide a new solution to this problem. One mature bone tissue engineering injury repair method currently in use is bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. However, there are several problems in its clinical application, such as the difficulty of seed cell sources, the lack of allogeneic stem cell seed cells or universal seed cells, etc. Recently, peripheral blood monocytes are found to have not only the potential for multidirectional differentiation, but also a strong proliferative capacity and availablility, thus can be used as an alternative material for bone injury repair. This paper reviews monocytes and their roles in bone injury repair and their mechanism, aiming at improving the life quality of patients with bone injuries and providing more effective treatment without side effects.