CD22是特异性表达于B淋巴细胞上的Ⅰ型跨膜糖蛋白，属于免疫球蛋白超家族中唾液酸黏附素家族成员，其作为抑制性辅助受体在B细胞的调节与体液免疫中发挥重要作用。自身免疫病是由自身免疫失调所致，B细胞异常激活以及致病性自身抗体的生成是自身免疫病的重要特征之一。通过抗CD22单克隆抗体治疗B细胞异常增殖活化介导为主的自身免疫病，如系统性红斑狼疮和类风湿性关节炎等，已引起关注。此文就CD22的分子特征、功能以及靶向CD22治疗自身免疫相关性疾病的研究进展进行综述。

CD22 is a Ⅰ type transmembrane glycoprotein specifically expressed on B lymphocytes. It is an important member of sialic acid-bound immunoglobulin-like lectin family and plays an important role in B cell regulation and humoral immunity as an inhibitory helper receptor. Autoimmune diseases are caused by autoimmune disorders. Abnormal activation of B lymphocytes and the formation of pathogenic autoantibodies is one of the most important features in autoimmune diseases. Treatment of autoimmune diseases with abnormal B cell proliferation and activation by CD22 monoclonal antibody has attracted attention, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. This article reviews the molecular characteristics, functions, and research progress of CD22 in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.