伤寒仍是发展中国家的主要公共卫生问题，控制伤寒的最有效措施是接种疫苗。此文介绍了早期伤寒疫苗和现行伤寒疫苗的的安全性和有效性，讨论了伤寒Vi多糖结合疫苗的研发现状及应用前景。

Typhoid fever is still a major public health problem in developing countries. Vaccination is the most effective measure to control typhoid fever. This article describes safety and efficacy of early and current typhoid vaccines, and discusses current status of development and research and application prospects of Salmonella typhi Vi polysaccharide conjugate vaccine.